Understanding the Armbar
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The armbar, arguably the most iconic technique in grappling, is a submission that involves hyperextension of the elbow joint (humeroulnar joint).
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While there are two other joints around the elbow region: humeroradial and radioulnar joint, the humeroulnar joint is the primary joint involved in elbow extension.
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After years of grappling many martial artists may lose a bit of range, but the average person should have about 5 degrees of hyperextension.
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There are a variety of structures that limit hyperextension: including muscle, ligaments and the bony articulation of the humerus and the ulna. The joint capsule is connective tissue that wraps around all three joints and is supported by ligamentous structures.
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Humeroulnar hyperextension often leads to ligament strain or rupture, however, if force is continued then dislocation of the ulna from the humerus can occur. While the muscles may become strained they are not likely to tear, more likely the muscle’s attachment on the ulna will rip off the main structure (avulsion fracture).
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Elbow anatomy video credit: @thestrengthpts . Check them out for more explanations and videos of the human body. .
Jiu jitsu video credit: @flograppling